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The fact that there is a natural greenhouse effect (that the atmosphere restricts the passage of infra-red (IR) radiation from the Earth’s surface to space) is easily deducible from; i) the mean temperature of the surface (around 15ºC) and, ii) knowing that the planet is normally close to radiative equilibrium. in IPCC TAR).
Methane emissions have a feedback on its own lifetime, serve as an ozone precursor, and reduce the production of sulphate and nitrate aerosols (and consequently indirect cloud-aerosol effects), all of which amplify its net warming effect to about 1.2 ppm, a factor of more than 200 smaller). W/m 2 for CH 4. References. Etminan, G. Myhre, E.J.
Recent science doesn’t support this optimism, as new studies show that the increased release of Black Carbon, one of the most potent climate change forcers—as well as soot, carbon dioxide, methane and ozone from more traffic in the Arctic—could lead to a 20% increase in the global heating that is causing warmer ocean temperatures.
According to the United Nations Environment Programme. , “30-40% of all primary energy is used in buildings” contributing greatly to fossilfuel use and climate change, especially in the US, where 82 percent of people live in cities. Green-roofs buffer some stormwater, sequester carbon, and improve water quality. flood-prone regions.
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) : A group of inert chemical used in many industrial and everyday processes such as our refrigerators that are not broken down at lower atmospheric levels and rise to the upper levels, destroying ozone. They are water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone, CFCs, and hydrofluorocarbons.
We breathe oxygen from the atmosphere, weather systems distribute water, and the ozone in the upper atmosphere protects us from harmful radiation. 5] Additionally, the reaction of these volatile chemicals contributes to ground-level ozone production, which, unlike ozone in the stratosphere, is hazardous to human health.
The fossilfuel industry has systematically contaminated our environment with a wide range of toxic chemicals for over a century. One good example of the nexus between global warming and local pollution is ground-level ozone. A study has shown that PM2.5 Another study found high levels of PM2.5
Albedo The amount of solar radiation reflected from an object or surface, often expressed as a percentage. volume mixing ratio), together with a number of trace gases, such as argon (0.93% volume mixing ratio), helium, radiatively active greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (0.035% volume mixing ratio), and ozone.
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