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Another dot on the graph

Real Climate

Unlike in years past, there is no longer any serious discrepancy between the records – which use multiple approaches for the ocean temperatures, the homogenization of the weather stations records, and interpolation. Southern Ocean trends. The least visited part of the ocean are the waters around Antarctica.

Cooling 360
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What is happening in the Atlantic Ocean to the AMOC?

Real Climate

The Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) is a large-scale overturning motion of the entire Atlantic, from the Southern Ocean to the high north. Graph by Ruijian Gou. The AMOC is a big deal for climate. It moves around 15 million cubic meters of water per second (i.e. 15 Sverdrup). For more on this see my Review Paper in Nature.

Ocean 246
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Deciphering the ‘SPM AR6 WG1’ code

Real Climate

There is no doubt that we have changed Earth’s climate through our activities on a broad range of aspects that includes consequences for the atmosphere, the oceans, snow, ice, Earth’s fauna and ecosystems. The cause of our changing climate is the increase in atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations that we have released into the air.

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Reflections on “Yes they can control the weather.”

Legal Planet

People now really are discussing the possibility of making intentional interventions to change the climate — or rather, to reduce some of the climate disruptions that are happening and coming due to human elevated greenhouse gases. These interventions would not precisely offset greenhouse-gas-driven climate change.

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Science denial is still an issue ahead of COP28

Real Climate

It is 33 years now since the IPCC in its first report in 1990 concluded that it is “certain” that greenhouse gas emissions from human activities “will enhance the greenhouse effect, resulting on average in an additional warming of the Earth’s surface.” It’s not hard to understand. Gray areas show lack of data.

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A Nobel pursuit

Real Climate

What they showed are the distinct fingerprints of two kinds of forcing; increasing solar activity which warms all parts of the atmosphere, and carbon dioxide increases which warm the surface and troposphere, but cool the stratosphere and above. The basic issue stems from the different timescales of the ocean and atmosphere.

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The CO2 problem in six easy steps (2022 Update)

Real Climate

Step 1: There is a natural greenhouse effect. Thus there must be a large amount of IR absorbed by the atmosphere (around 158 W/m 2 ) – a number that would be zero in the absence of any greenhouse substances. Step 2: Trace gases contribute to the natural greenhouse effect. The Earth’s Energy Budget (NASA).

Radiation 352