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It is 33 years now since the IPCC in its first report in 1990 concluded that it is “certain” that greenhouse gas emissions from human activities “will enhance the greenhouse effect, resulting on average in an additional warming of the Earth’s surface.”
As climatescientists we tend to look at the IPCC reports a little differently than the general public might. Here are a few things that mark this report out from previous versions that relate to issues we’ve discussed here before: Extreme events are increasingly connected to climate (duh!) 1981) which can be seen here.
A friend asked me if a discussion paper published on Statistics Norway’s website, ‘ To what extent are temperature levels changing due to greenhouse gas emissions? ’, was purposely timed for the next climate summit ( COP28 ). I don’t know the answer to his question. But this discussion paper is problematic for sure.
In this, he is in violent agreement with Isaac Held, his colleague at GFDL, and indeed most climatescientists. These were very much the ideas that set the discussions in climate science in the 1990s. As you will recall, Hansen had declared in 1988 that “the greenhouse effect is here!”, Hegerl et al.,
Writing as part of Frontiers’ guest editorials series, the study’s lead author – Prof Martin Siegert, deputy vice chancellor of the University of Exeter (Cornwall) – discusses how without there being a rapid shift to net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050, the Antarctic environment will experience ever more drastic changes.
A 2017 study led by geographer Camilo Mora from the University of Hawaii found that around 30% of people around the world are already exposed to climatic conditions above this deadly threshold for at least 20 days a year ( Nature Climate Change 7 501 ). Limiting warming to 2?°C C rise we’re heading towards .
Altering cloud properties influences Earth’s climate On sunny days, it’s clear that clouds leave shadows on the landscape. Climatescientists are interested in clouds for exactly this reason- clouds reflect sunlight, which has a cooling effect on surface temperatures. Cirrus clouds formed this way have many, small ice crystals.
We know we must now work to both cut greenhouse gas emissions to reduce the severity of climate change and at the same time work to adapt to the impacts we can no longer avoid. To be sure, there is much that Gleick and I agree upon. “We We know how to provide safe water and sanitation to the billions who still lack it,” he writes. “We
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