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The definitive CO2/CH4 comparison post

Real Climate

The radiative forcing from these changes in concentrations can be easily calculated using standard formulas (from Etminan et al, 2016 which supersede the slightly simpler ones from IPCC TAR), as about 2 W/m 2 for the CO 2 change and 0.65 W/m 2 for CH 4. W/m<sup>2</sup> (to about 60% of the CO 2 effect since 1750).

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Oil Refineries: A Deadly Industry

Union of Concerned Scientists

One good example of the nexus between global warming and local pollution is ground-level ozone. To make matters worse, NOx contributes to the formation of ground-level ozone and secondary PM2.5, In 2016 it accounted for 57% of total toxic emissions from larger sources in the city, including benzene and other known carcinogens.

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The CO2 problem in six easy steps (2022 Update)

Real Climate

For some parts of the spectrum, the IR can be either absorbed by CO 2 or by water vapour or by clouds, but taking those overlaps into account we find that 50% of the greenhouse effect is from water vapour, 25% from clouds, and about 20% from CO 2 and the rest absorbed by ozone, aerosols, and other trace gases ( Schmidt et al, 2010 ).

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DEP Invites Comments On A Proposed Declaration Of An Exceptional Air Pollution Event Due To 2023 Wildfire Smoke Impacts

PA Environment Daily

The Department of Environmental Protection published notice in the April 27 PA Bulletin inviting public comments on a proposed declaration of an Exceptional Air Quality Event due to 2023 wildfires from Canada and New Jersey causing elevated levels of nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds impacting ozone pollution in Pennsylvania.

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Minnesota Can Do More to Protect People from Ethylene Oxide Emissions

Union of Concerned Scientists

EPA’s own scientists concluded in 2016 that the risk value of ethylene oxide is 60 times more toxic than previously understood. You can compare this to ozone which has a half-life on the order of minutes, and some PFAS chemicals that have a half-life in air on the order of several years.

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Deciphering the ‘SPM AR6 WG1’ code

Real Climate

I think in hindsight that my concerns from 2013 to some extent were supported by the fact that the IPCC organised an Expert Meeting on Communication, Oslo, Norway, 9–10 February 2016. In addition, ozone depletion higher up in the stratosphere has caused a cooling high up in the atmosphere.

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Air Regulators Tackle Trucking at Southern California Warehouses

Clean Energy Law

The rule includes a sunset date, whereby the WPCO requirement expires after both an EPA finding that all SCAQMD air basins have attained the federal 2015 ozone standard of 70 parts per billion (ppb) and a CARB finding that all SCAQMD air basins have attained the state ozone standard of 70 ppb. Further Actions.