2016 Atmosphere Ozone 
Real Climate
SEPTEMBER 19, 2021
The radiative forcing from these changes in concentrations can be easily calculated using standard formulas (from Etminan et al, 2016 which supersede the slightly simpler ones from IPCC TAR), as about 2 W/m 2 for the CO 2 change and 0.65 W/m 2 for CH 4. W/m<sup>2</sup> (to about 60% of the CO 2 effect since 1750).
Real Climate
JULY 10, 2022
The fact that there is a natural greenhouse effect (that the atmosphere restricts the passage of infra-red (IR) radiation from the Earth’s surface to space) is easily deducible from; i) the mean temperature of the surface (around 15ºC) and, ii) knowing that the planet is normally close to radiative equilibrium. in IPCC TAR).
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Real Climate
AUGUST 12, 2021
I think in hindsight that my concerns from 2013 to some extent were supported by the fact that the IPCC organised an Expert Meeting on Communication, Oslo, Norway, 9–10 February 2016. The cause of our changing climate is the increase in atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations that we have released into the air.
Union of Concerned Scientists
SEPTEMBER 26, 2024
One good example of the nexus between global warming and local pollution is ground-level ozone. Because of the complexity of atmospheric chemistry, there may be unexpected links between global warming and local pollution, so policies must address both kinds of pollution keeping in mind the latest science on how they are connected.
Science Blogs
AUGUST 21, 2017
The data, available for free online, can help track air quality indicators, heavy metals in air, dust, and other atmospheric components which can affect human health. NASA satellites have been collecting data for years on nitrogen dioxide, ozone, particulate matter, and sulfur dioxide. Photo courtesy of NASA Image Library .
Law Columbia
JULY 6, 2017
The district court ruled that EPA was required to conduct such evaluations in October 2016 and set an expedited schedule for EPA’s compliance. 451962/2016 (N.Y. The standards and guidelines were published on August 29, 2016. The magistrate judge’s order also set the trial to begin on February 5, 2018. June 16, 2017).
HumanNature
MARCH 31, 2021
When fuels are burned to create energy in a process called combustion, black carbon along with carbon monoxide and other compounds are created because there is not enough oxygen in the atmosphere for the reaction to go to completion. Whenever there are combustion processes, of which there are many in our industrial society (e.g.,
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