Real Climate

MAY 21, 2023

As predicted in 1967 by Manabe and Wetherald , the stratosphere has been cooling. The dominant factors are changes in CO2 (a cooling), ozone depletion (a cooling), warming from big volcanoes, and oscillations related to the solar cycle. So the net effect is less absorption and more emittence, and thus they give a cooling.

Cooling 282

Cooling Ozone Atmosphere Radiation 282

Real Climate

MARCH 16, 2023

Since this is a somewhat differently designed ensemble, I’ll plot that similarly (45 simulations), and note too that these are global means, again, for the corrected-TMT product (for the historical and SSP2-45 scenarios after 2014). Johanson, S.G. Warren, and D.J. 55-58, 2004. Hausfather, K. Marvel, G.A. Schmidt, J.W. 26-29, 2022.

2004 332

2004 Atmosphere Ozone 2022 332

Real Climate

AUGUST 12, 2021

In addition, ozone depletion higher up in the stratosphere has caused a cooling high up in the atmosphere. The annual precipitation amount may increase from the 1995-2014 levels with up to 13% by 2081-2100 averaged over global land areas. This is likely an effect of man-made climate change.

Atmosphere 356

Atmosphere Greenhouse Ocean Sea Level 356

Union of Concerned Scientists

APRIL 27, 2023

After the EPA proposed the Clean Power Plan in 2014, for example, fossil fuel interests and their backers tried to argue that the proposal’s 2030 emission-reduction targets were completely unrealistic, and that the country would see astronomically high costs and blackouts due to the rule.

Fossil Fuels 290

Fossil Fuels Electricity 2014 Climate Change 290

HumanNature

MARCH 31, 2021

This balance describes how much energy is being reflected back into space versus how much is being absorbed by our atmosphere; a positive change in the balance indicates that we’re taking more energy in (net warming) and a negative balance indicates that we’re reflecting more energy out (net cooling). March 26, 2014. Arctic Council.

Atmosphere 52

Atmosphere 2020 Carbon Emissions 2012 52