2011 Atmosphere Radiation 
Real Climate
SEPTEMBER 19, 2022
The CERES estimates of the top-of-atmosphere radiative fluxes are available from 2001 to the present. 2021) also reported on a two decade estimate of Earthshine measurements which appear to confirm a small decrease in albedo (and decrease in reflected short wave (SW) radiation). A paper last year (Goode et al., It’s unlikely(?)
Real Climate
OCTOBER 12, 2021
Manabe’s early focus was on radiative-convective equilibrium, and his seminal 1967 paper (with his longtime collaborator Richard Wetherald, who passed in 2011 ). The basic issue stems from the different timescales of the ocean and atmosphere. But let’s go back to the beginning. 1975) , and Bryan et al.
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PA Environment Daily
MAY 9, 2023
People should be celebrating, not demonizing, modern increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). In other words, the Earth came within 30 ppm in CO2’s atmospheric concentration of witnessing the extinction of most land-based plants and all higher terrestrial life-forms – nearly a true climate apocalypse. Read more here.]
Physics World
OCTOBER 6, 2021
As air sunk through the atmosphere, it got squeezed and heated. In his book Making the Modern World , the Czech-Canadian energy researcher Vaclav Smil estimates that China used more cement between 2011 and 2013 than the US did in the entire 20th century. Courtesy: Canadian Press/Shutterstock). By how much, though, is unclear. “One
HumanNature
MARCH 31, 2021
When fuels are burned to create energy in a process called combustion, black carbon along with carbon monoxide and other compounds are created because there is not enough oxygen in the atmosphere for the reaction to go to completion. Whenever there are combustion processes, of which there are many in our industrial society (e.g.,
Environmental Progress
AUGUST 3, 2020
That talk helped the [National Center for Atmospheric Research] scientists to see the big picture clearly and early on.” Where just a few years earlier, Malthusians had demanded limits on energy consumption by claiming fossil fuels were scarce; now they demanded limits by claiming the atmosphere was scarce.” Why else use it?
Vermont Law
DECEMBER 20, 2017
START), signed by the United States and Russia in 2011, limits these two countries to only 1,550 strategic nuclear warheads each deployed on 700 long-rage delivery systems. million metric tons of black carbon aerosol particles into the atmosphere to shade the earth for years. The New Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty.
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