Real Climate

MAY 21, 2023

As predicted in 1967 by Manabe and Wetherald , the stratosphere has been cooling. The dominant factors are changes in CO2 (a cooling), ozone depletion (a cooling), warming from big volcanoes, and oscillations related to the solar cycle. So the net effect is less absorption and more emittence, and thus they give a cooling.

Cooling 297

Cooling Ozone Atmosphere Radiation 297

Frontiers

AUGUST 7, 2023

For example, Antarctica acts to cool our planet by reflecting solar radiation back to space by virtue of the brightness of its snow surface. In the ocean, 19 marine heatwaves have been recorded between 2002 and 2018. In the Arctic this has led to regional warming four times faster than the global average.

Ocean 98

Ocean Fossil Fuels Radiation Environmental Science 98

PA Environment Daily

JULY 8, 2024

Mankind has had lots of fears through history, but as Dick put it later, radiation is one of "the worst fears of modern man." The accident at TMI involved a broken valve, the loss of cooling water to the white-hot operating reactor, and then a series of cascading failures of gauges, pipes, and operators. More jitters.

Nuclear Power 95

Nuclear Power Radiation 2002 Cooling 95